Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2005. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 2.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Additional updates and changes by BirdPhotos.com 2016.
s Greenland, Iceland, n British Isles, Scandinavia to Sakhalin and Kamchatka pens., and Kuril and Commander is. (se Russia), s through n Kazakhstan and ne China; w Alaska mainland through mainland Canada from Arctic to n Great Lakes and e to Nova Scotia
Nonbreeding Range Subregions
to coasts of s Europe (e North Atlantic), Black and Caspian seas; Japan, Korean Pen. and e China (w North Pacific); to wc Mexico (e North Pacific), Gulf Coast and Florida (w North Atlantic)
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
