Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2005. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 2.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Additional updates and changes by BirdPhotos.com 2016.
low Arctic coastal and inland tundra of Alaska and Canada: w, n, c Alaska, far w, nw Canada and sw shore of Hudson Bay
Nonbreeding Range Subregions
widespread on temperate to tropical Western Hemisphere coasts: c California (e North Pacific) and se coast of USA (w North Atlantic), Gulf of Mexico through Caribbean and Mexico, Central America and to s tip of South America; also Revillagigedo (far w of
Cayman Islands,Anguilla,Turks and Caicos Islands,Guyana,Peru,Argentina,Netherlands Antilles,Antigua and Barbuda,Brazil,Paraguay,Ecuador - mainland,Virgin Islands,Jamaica,Dominica,Belize,Bahamas,Barbados,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Grenada,Chile,French Guiana,Haiti,Costa Rica,Panama,Uruguay,Puerto Rico,Trinidad and Tobago,Saint Lucia,Suriname,Guatemala,Honduras,Nicaragua,Mexico,El Salvador,Cuba,Bolivia,Montserrat,Canada,Dominican Republic,Bermuda,Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Colombia,Venezuela,United States - Alaska,British Virgin Islands,United States - mainland,Ecuador - Galapagos Islands,
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
