Sweden,Nepal,Mozambique,Czech Republic,Ethiopia,South Africa,Indonesia,Portugal,Nigeria,Japan,Latvia,Turkey,Tunisia,Morocco,Bangladesh,Mali,Croatia,United Kingdom,Slovenia,Israel,India - mainland,Botswana,Namibia,Malta,Algeria,Taiwan,Serbia,Azerbaijan,Bulgaria,Lebanon,Iraq,Thailand,Belarus,Netherlands,Niger,Ukraine,Romania,Greece,Germany,San Marino,Monaco,Uzbekistan,France,Libya,Rwanda,North Korea,Syria,Mongolia,Hungary,Zambia,Liechtenstein,Pakistan,Hong Kong,China,Estonia,Angola,Armenia,Saudi Arabia,Turkmenistan,Ireland,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Slovakia,Tajikistan,South Korea,Poland,Moldova,Spain,Gabon,Kenya,Egypt,Australia,Macedonia,Switzerland,Lithuania,Norway,Cyprus,Luxembourg,Iran,Kyrgyzstan,Russia,Finland,Tanzania,Austria,Kazakhstan,Jordan,Lesotho,Uganda,Italy,Zimbabwe,Bhutan,New Zealand,Myanmar,Burundi,Bahrain,Georgia,Afghanistan,Denmark,Senegal,Albania,Democratic Republic of Congo,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands,Montenegro,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
cristatus
Eurasia from nw Europe, s Scandinavia to s Spain through s Russia and n, wc Mongolia, and n Afghanistan, locally in nw India, to ne Russia, n Honshu (nc Japan) and ne China
infuscatus
montane lakes of Eritrea, Ethiopia and East Africa; also s Africa
australis
sw, se, e Australia, Tasmania and South I. (New Zealand)
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)