Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2005. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 2.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Additional updates and changes by BirdPhotos.com 2016.
Cayman Islands,Anguilla,Turks and Caicos Islands,Guyana,Peru,Netherlands Antilles,Antigua and Barbuda,Brazil,Ecuador - mainland,Virgin Islands,Jamaica,Dominica,Belize,Bahamas,French Guiana,Haiti,Costa Rica,Panama,Puerto Rico,Trinidad and Tobago,Saint Lucia,Suriname,Guatemala,Honduras,Nicaragua,Mexico,El Salvador,Cuba,Canada,Dominican Republic,Colombia,Venezuela,British Virgin Islands,United States - mainland,Ecuador - Galapagos Islands,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
knudseni
main Hawaiian Is.
mexicanus
inland ne Alberta and nw Saskatchewan (sc Canada; sporadic) to n Baja California (nw Mexico), Mexico through w coastal Central America to sw coastal Peru and Galápagos; through sc USA to wc North Atlantic coast to Florida and Gulf of Mexico to islands n o
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
