Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2005. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 2.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Additional updates and changes by BirdPhotos.com 2016.
Sweden,Nepal,Cayman Islands,Anguilla,Somalia,Guinea,Seychelles,Turks and Caicos Islands,Guyana,Mozambique,Czech Republic,Ethiopia,Equatorial Guinea,South Africa,Peru,Indonesia,Argentina,Portugal,Nigeria,Netherlands Antilles,Japan,Latvia,Antigua and Barbuda,Turkey,Micronesia,Tunisia,Morocco,Malawi,Maldives,Bangladesh,Brazil,Paraguay,Ecuador - mainland,Mali,Croatia,Virgin Islands,Swaziland,Jamaica,United Kingdom,Dominica,Slovenia,Israel,Madagascar,India - mainland,Belize,Botswana,Namibia,Malta,Algeria,Bahamas,Taiwan,Serbia,Laos,Azerbaijan,Bulgaria,Lebanon,Iraq,Thailand,Barbados,Singapore,Belarus,Netherlands,Vietnam,Niger,Ukraine,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Romania,Cameroon,Greece,Grenada,Germany,San Marino,Belgium,Burkina Faso,Monaco,Chile,Palestine,French Guiana,Uzbekistan,Haiti,Costa Rica,France,United Arab Emirates,Malaysia,Guam,Cambodia,Libya,Panama,Rwanda,North Korea,Uruguay,Syria,Benin,Puerto Rico,Mongolia,Hungary,Zambia,Trinidad and Tobago,Saint Lucia,Liechtenstein,Pakistan,Hong Kong,Macao,Sri Lanka,Suriname,China,Sierra Leone,Gibraltar,Western Sahara,Estonia,Eritrea,Angola,Ivory Coast,Guatemala,Armenia,Saudi Arabia,Guinea-Bissau,Oman,Turkmenistan,Honduras,Ireland,Qatar,Nicaragua,Philippines,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Ghana,Mexico,French Polynesia,Djibouti,Marshall Islands,El Salvador,Slovakia,Tajikistan,South Korea,Poland,Togo,Cuba,Moldova,Spain,Gabon,Kenya,Bolivia,Egypt,Australia,Macedonia,Switzerland,Lithuania,Norway,Montserrat,Canada,Cyprus,Luxembourg,Dominican Republic,Papua New Guinea,Bermuda,Iran,Northern Mariana Islands,Mauritania,Kyrgyzstan,Russia,Finland,Tanzania,Palau,Chad,Austria,Kazakhstan,Cape Verde,Jordan,Lesotho,Uganda,Italy,Zimbabwe,Bhutan,Sao Tome and Principe,Yemen,Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Colombia,Gambia,Liberia,Myanmar,Burundi,Bahrain,Kuwait,Venezuela,Georgia,Sudan,Afghanistan,Denmark,Senegal,Andorra,Albania,United States - Alaska,British Virgin Islands,United States - mainland,Central African Republic,Democratic Republic of Congo,Comoros,Congo,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands,Ecuador - Galapagos Islands,South Sudan,Montenegro,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
rustica
Europe, w, c Asia and n Africa
transitiva
Lebanon, Syria, Israel and Jordan
savignii
Egypt
gutturalis
e Himalayas to Korean Pen. and Japan, e, s China and Taiwan
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
