Ridgely, R. S., T. F. Allnutt, T. Brooks, D. K. McNicol, D. W. Mehlman, B. E. Young, and J. R. Zook. 2005. Digital Distribution Maps of the Birds of the Western Hemisphere, version 2.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Additional updates and changes by BirdPhotos.com 2016.
Anguilla,Peru,Argentina,Netherlands Antilles,Brazil,Paraguay,Ecuador - mainland,Belize,Costa Rica,Panama,Uruguay,Trinidad and Tobago,Guatemala,Honduras,Nicaragua,Mexico,El Salvador,Bolivia,Canada,Bermuda,Russia,Colombia,Venezuela,United States - Alaska,United States - mainland,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
pyrrhonota
Alaska, Canada, w, n, e USA and nw Baja California (nw Mexico)
ganieri
sc USA
tachina
sw USA and ne Baja California (nw Mexico)
melanogaster
extreme se Arizona and sw New Mexico (sw USA) to w, s Mexico
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
