Czech Republic,Portugal,Japan,Latvia,United Kingdom,Netherlands,Romania,Greece,Germany,Hungary,Ireland,Iceland,Slovakia,Poland,Spain,Lithuania,Norway,Canada,Russia,Finland,Austria,Greenland,Denmark,United States - Alaska,United States - mainland,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
glaucoides
coastal sw, se Iceland
kumlieni
e, s Baffin I., Southampton I. (n Hudson Bay) and Ungava Pen. (ne Canada)
thayeri
Arctic e Canadian islands from Banks to Ellesmere and n, c Baffin is. (far ne Canada); formerly nw Greenland
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
