Tonga,Somalia,Nauru,Ethiopia,Indonesia,Japan,Micronesia,Bangladesh,India - mainland,American Samoa,Laos,Thailand,Singapore,Vietnam,United Arab Emirates,Malaysia,Guam,Cambodia,China,Eritrea,Saudi Arabia,Oman,Vanuatu,Philippines,Solomon Islands,Kenya,Egypt,Australia,Papua New Guinea,Northern Mariana Islands,Palau,Myanmar,Sudan,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands,South Sudan,
Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
abyssinicus
s Red Sea coasts
chloris
Sulawesi, Sangihe and Talaud is. (ne of Sulawesi), Banggai and Sula is. (e of Sulawesi), Moluccas, Lesser Sundas, Raja Ampat Is. (nw of New Guinea) and Bird's Head and Neck (nw New Guinea)
collaris
Philippines
palmeri
Java, Bawean (n of e Java), Bali and Kangean Is. (n of Bali)
azelus
Enggano (w of s Sumatra)
chloropterus
Simeulue to Sipora (w of n to c Sumatra)
laubmannianus
Sumatra (except ne), Bangka and Belitung (e of s Sumatra), Borneo and satellites
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)