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Afghanistan,Albania,Algeria,Armenia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Bahamas,Belarus,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria, Canada,China,Croatia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Denmark,Egypt,Estonia,Finland,France, Georgia,Germany,Greece,Hungary,India - mainland,Iran,Iraq,Ireland,Japan,Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,Latvia,Lebanon,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Macedonia,Moldova,Monaco,Montenegro,Netherlands, North Korea,Norway,Pakistan,Poland,Romania,Russia,Saudi Arabia,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia, South Korea,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,Tunisia,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Ukraine,United Kingdom,United States - Alaska, United States - mainland,Uzbekistan,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
grisegena
c Europe from Scandinavia, Balkans and Turkey to temperate wc Russia and Kazakhstan
holbollii
subarctic c, e Siberia to Kamchatka, Hokkaido (rare) and subarctic Alaska and Canada to sw Quebec
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
