coastal Washington to c Baja California (nw Mexico); inland Saskatchewan (irregular; sc Canada) to California and c Texas; coastal Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan Pen.; inland c Mexico; s, c Bahamas to Virgin Is.; Peru to sc Chile
Anguilla,Antigua and Barbuda,Bahamas,Belize,British Virgin Islands,Canada,Chile,Colombia,Costa Rica,Cuba, Dominican Republic,El Salvador,Guatemala,Haiti,Honduras,Mexico,Netherlands Antilles,Nicaragua,Panama,Peru, Puerto Rico,Trinidad and Tobago,Turks and Caicos Islands,United States - mainland,Venezuela,Virgin Islands,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
nivosus
coastal Washington, inland Saskatchewan, and coastal Gulf of Mexico to Yucatan Pen.; inland c Mexico; s, c Bahamas to Virgin Is.
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)