Afghanistan,Albania,Algeria,Armenia,Azerbaijan,Bahrain,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria,Burkina Faso,Cameroon, Central African Republic,Chad,Croatia,Democratic Republic of Congo,Djibouti,Egypt,Equatorial Guinea,Eritrea,Ethiopia,Finland, Gambia,Georgia,Gibraltar,Greece,India - mainland,Iran,Iraq,Israel,Jordan,Kazakhstan, Kenya,Kuwait,Kyrgyzstan,Lebanon,Libya,Macedonia,Mali,Malta,Mauritania,Montenegro, Morocco,Niger,Nigeria,Norway,Oman,Pakistan,Portugal,Qatar,Romania,Russia, Saudi Arabia,Senegal,Serbia,Somalia,South Sudan,Spain,Sri Lanka,Sudan,Switzerland,Syria, Tajikistan,Tanzania,Tunisia,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Uganda,Ukraine,United Arab Emirates,Uzbekistan,Western Sahara, Yemen,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
galactotes
Iberian Pen., n Africa, Israel and sw Syria
syriaca
Balkans to w, s Turkey, w Syria and Lebanon
familiaris
se Turkey, Iraq and n, ne Arabia to s Kazakhstan, e Afghanistan and w Pakistan
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
EU
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
