The smallest and most compact of west Palearctic wagtails with bewilderingly complex systematics and forms/races. Previously there were two large colonies in Ireland (Killala & Belfast) but these were extinct by 1941. Occasional breeding has occurred since, usually on East Coast at Kilcoole and in the 1980s in Rogerstown, Co Dublin; generally in potato fields.
This one was photographed in Santa Luzia, nr Tavira, in Portugal and is of the Iberian race.
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)