w Europe, sw Russia, c Asia, Mongolia to se Russia, Japan, e China, Taiwan and Vietnam; n, w Africa; Persian Gulf and Iraq to Indus Valley (Pakistan) and Gangetic Plain (nc India); Sri Lanka; Gulf of Thailand, Malay Pen., Singapore, and islands off Greate
Afghanistan,Albania,Algeria,Angola,Armenia,Australia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Bahrain,Belarus, Belgium,Benin,Bhutan,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria,Burkina Faso,Burundi,Cambodia,Cameroon,Chad, China,Comoros,Congo,Croatia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Democratic Republic of Congo,Denmark,Djibouti,Egypt, Equatorial Guinea,Eritrea,Estonia,Ethiopia,Faroe Islands,Finland,France,Gabon,Gambia,Georgia, Germany,Ghana,Gibraltar,Greece,Guam,Guinea,Guinea-Bissau,Hong Kong,Hungary,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India - mainland,Indonesia,Iran,Iraq,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Ivory Coast,Japan,Jordan, Kazakhstan,Kenya,Kiribati,Kuwait,Kyrgyzstan,Laos,Latvia,Lebanon,Liberia,Libya, Lithuania,Luxembourg,Macedonia,Malaysia,Maldives,Mali,Malta,Marshall Islands,Mauritania,Mauritius, Micronesia,Moldova,Monaco,Mongolia,Montenegro,Morocco,Mozambique,Myanmar,Namibia,Nepal, Netherlands,New Caledonia,Niger,Nigeria,North Korea,Northern Mariana Islands,Norway,Oman,Pakistan,Palau, Palestine,Papua New Guinea,Philippines,Poland,Portugal,Qatar,Romania,Russia,Saudi Arabia,Senegal, Serbia,Sierra Leone,Singapore,Slovakia,Slovenia,Solomon Islands,Somalia,South Africa,South Korea,South Sudan, Spain,Sri Lanka,Sudan,Sweden,Switzerland,Syria,Taiwan,Tajikistan,Tanzania,Thailand, Togo,Tunisia,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Ukraine,United Arab Emirates,United Kingdom,Uzbekistan,Vietnam,Western Sahara, Yemen,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
albifrons
Europe (except n) and n Africa to c Asia (at least), Iraq and Persian Gulf
guineae
coast and Niger River basin, Mauritania to Gabon (w Africa) and n Kenya
sinensis
Indus River basin (Pakistan), Gangetic Plain (nc India); Sri Lanka; se Russia through Japan, Korean Pen., e China, Taiwan, Vietnam and Mindanao (s Philippines); Gulf of Thailand, Malay Pen., Singapore, and islands off Greater Sundas; off New Britain (se B
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
EU
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
