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American Samoa,Australia,Bangladesh,Belize,Brazil,British Virgin Islands,Cayman Islands,China,Colombia,Cook Islands, Costa Rica,Djibouti,Dominican Republic,Ecuador - Galapagos Islands,Ecuador - mainland,El Salvador,Eritrea,Ethiopia,French Polynesia,Guam, Guatemala,Haiti,Honduras,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands,India - mainland,Indonesia,Iran,Japan,Kenya,Kiribati, Madagascar,Malaysia,Marshall Islands,Mauritius,Mexico,Micronesia,Mozambique,Netherlands Antilles,New Caledonia,Nicaragua, Northern Mariana Islands,Norway,Palau,Panama,Papua New Guinea,Philippines,Pitcairn Islands,Puerto Rico,Reunion,Saint Helena, Samoa,Saudi Arabia,Seychelles,Solomon Islands,Somalia,South Sudan,Sri Lanka,Sudan,Tanzania,Thailand, Tokelau,Tonga,Trinidad and Tobago,Tuvalu,United States - Hawaii,United States - mainland,Vanuatu,Venezuela,Vietnam,Yemen,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
sula
w, s, e Caribbean and sw Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha (ne of ne Brazil), I. Trindade (e of ec Brazil) and Boatswain Bird I. (just off Ascension I., sc South Atlantic Ocean); Half Moon Cay (e of Belize), Swan Is. (n of e Honduras); Cayman Is. thro
rubripes
tropical Indian and Pacific oceans: Europa (w of s Madagascar, Mozambique Channel), Aldabra and Cosmoledo (Aldabra group, sw Seychelles), Farquhar and Amirantes groups (c Seychelles), Tromelin and St. Brandon (n of Mascarenes), Chagos Arch., Cocos (Keelin
websteri
ec Pacific islands: Revillagigedo, Tres Marias and Isabel (w of wc Mexico), Clipperton (far sw of Mexico), Violin (just off sw Costa Rica), del Coco (far sw of Costa Rica), Malpelo (far w of Colombia) and Galápagos
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
