Afghanistan,Albania,Algeria,Angola,Anguilla,Antigua and Barbuda,Argentina,Armenia,Australia,Austria, Azerbaijan,Bahamas,Bahrain,Bangladesh,Barbados,Belarus,Belize,Benin,Bermuda,Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Botswana,Brazil,British Virgin Islands,Bulgaria,Burkina Faso,Burundi,Cambodia,Cameroon,Canada, Cayman Islands,Central African Republic,Chad,Chile,China,Colombia,Comoros,Congo,Costa Rica,Croatia, Cuba,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Democratic Republic of Congo,Denmark,Djibouti,Dominica,Dominican Republic,Ecuador - mainland,Egypt, El Salvador,Equatorial Guinea,Eritrea,Estonia,Ethiopia,Finland,France,French Guiana,Gabon,Gambia, Georgia,Germany,Ghana,Gibraltar,Greece,Grenada,Guatemala,Guinea,Guinea-Bissau,Guyana, Haiti,Honduras,Hong Kong,Hungary,India - Andaman and Nicobar Islands,India - mainland,Indonesia,Iran,Iraq,Israel, Italy,Ivory Coast,Jamaica,Japan,Jordan,Kazakhstan,Kenya,Kuwait,Kyrgyzstan,Laos, Latvia,Lebanon,Lesotho,Liberia,Libya,Liechtenstein,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Macao,Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi,Malaysia,Maldives,Mali,Malta,Mauritania,Mexico,Moldova,Montenegro, Montserrat,Morocco,Mozambique,Myanmar,Namibia,Nepal,Netherlands,Netherlands Antilles,Nicaragua,Niger, Nigeria,Northern Mariana Islands,Norway,Oman,Pakistan,Palau,Palestine,Panama,Paraguay,Peru, Philippines,Poland,Portugal,Puerto Rico,Qatar,Romania,Russia,Rwanda,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Saudi Arabia,Senegal,Serbia,Seychelles,Sierra Leone,Singapore,Slovakia,Slovenia,Somalia, South Africa,South Korea,South Sudan,Spain,Sri Lanka,Sudan,Suriname,Swaziland,Sweden,Switzerland, Syria,Taiwan,Tajikistan,Tanzania,Thailand,Togo,Trinidad and Tobago,Tunisia,Turkey,Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands,Uganda,Ukraine,United Arab Emirates,United States - mainland,Uruguay,Uzbekistan,Venezuela,Vietnam,Virgin Islands, Western Sahara,Yemen,Zambia,Zimbabwe,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
nycticorax
Eurasia s to Africa and Madagascar and e to e Asia, Philippines and Indonesian Arch.
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
