Antigua and Barbuda,Bahamas,Belize,Bermuda,Brazil,British Virgin Islands,Canada,Cayman Islands,Colombia,Costa Rica, Cuba,Dominican Republic,Ecuador - Galapagos Islands,Ecuador - mainland,El Salvador,French Guiana,Guatemala,Guyana,Haiti,Honduras, Jamaica,Mexico,Montserrat,Netherlands Antilles,Nicaragua,Panama,Peru,Puerto Rico,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname,Trinidad and Tobago,Turks and Caicos Islands,United States - mainland,Venezuela,Virgin Islands,
IOC 13.1 Subspecies
Group
Subspecies
Breeding Range
violacea
c, e USA to e Mexico and e Costa Rica
bancrofti
w Mexico to w Nicaragua, Socorro I. and West Indies
Africa (entire continent rather than south of Sahara)
AN
Antarctica
AO
Atlantic Ocean
AU
Australasia (Wallacea (Indonesian islands east of Wallace's line), New Guinea and its islands, Australia, New Zealand and its subantarctic islands, the Solomons, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu)
PAL
Eurasia (Europe, Asia from the Middle East through central Asia north of the Himalayas, Siberia and northern China to Japan)
IO
Indian Ocean
LA
Latin America (Middle and South America)
MA
Middle America (Mexico through Panama)
NA
North America (includes the Caribbean)
NO
Northern oceans
OR
Oriental Region (South Asia from Pakistan to Taiwan, plus Southeast Asia, the Philippines, and Greater Sundas)
